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1997年5月托福阅读全真试题(3) |
| 来源:www.stu88.com 时间:2006-04-27 |
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11. Ptarmigan keep warm in the winter by
(A) huddling together on the ground with other birds.
(B) Building nests in trees.
(C) Burrowing into dense patches of vegetation
(D) Digging tunnels into the snow.
12. The word "magnified" in line 6 is closest in meaning to
(A) caused
(B) modified
(C) intensified
(D) combined
13. The author mentions kinglets in line 9 as an example of birds that
(A) protect themselves by nesting in holes.
(B) Nest with other species of birds
(C) Nest together for warmth
(D) Usually feed and nest in pairs.
14. The word "forage" in line 12 is closest in meaning to
(A) fly
(B) assemble
(C) feed
(D) rest
15. Which of the following statements about lesser and common kestrels is true?
(A) The lesser kestrel and the common kestrel have similar diets.
(B) The lesser kestrel feeds sociably but the common kestrel does not.
(C) The common kestrel nests in larger flocks than does the lesser kestrel.
(D) The common kestrel nests in trees, the lesser kestrel nests on the ground.
16. The word "counteracted" in line 24 is closest in meaning to
(A) suggested
(B) negated
(C) measured
(D) shielded
17. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as an advantage derived by birds that huddle
together while sleeping?
(A) Some members of the flock warm others of impending dangers.
(B) Staying together provides a greater amount of heat for the whole flock.
(C) Some birds in the flock function as information centers for others who are looking for food.
(D) Several members of the flock care for the young.
18. Which of the following is a disadvantage of communal roosts that is mentioned in the passage?
(A) Diseases easily spread among the birds.
(B) Groups are more attractive to predators than individual birds.
(C) Food supplies are quickly depleted
(D) Some birds in the group will attack the others.
19.The word "they" in line 25 refers to
(A) a few birds
(B) mass roosts
(C) predators
(D) trees.
Question 20-30
Before the mid-nineteenth century, people in the United
States ate most foods only in season. Drying, smoking, and
salting could preserve meat for a short time, but the availability
of fresh meat, like that of fresh milk, was very limited;
there was no way to prevent spoilage. But in 1810 a French
inventor named Nicolas Appert developed the cooking-and-sealing
process of canning. And in the 1850’s an American
named Gail Borden developed a means of condensing and preserving
milk. Canned goods and condensed milk became more
common during the 1860’s, but supplies remained low because
cans had to be made by hand. By 1880, however, inventors
had fashioned stamping and soldering machines that mass-produced
cans from tinplate. Suddenly all kinds of food could be
preserved and bought at all times of the year.
Other trends and inventions had also helped make it possible
for Americans to vary their daily diets. Growing urban
populations created demand that encouraged fruit and vegetable
farmers to raise more produce. Railroad refrigerator cars
enabled growers and meat packers to ship perishables great
distances and to preserve them for longer periods. Thus, by the
1890’s, northern city dwellers could enjoy southern and
western strawberries, grapes, and tomatoes, previously available
for a month at most, for up to six months of the year. In
addition, increased use of iceboxes enabled families to store
perishables. An easy means of producing ice commercially had
been invented I the 1870’s, and by 1900 the nation had
more than two thousand commercial ice plants, most of which
made home deliveries. The icebox became a fixture in most
homes and remained so until the mechanized refrigerator
replaced it in the 1920’s and 1930’s.
Almost everyone now had a more diversified diet. Some
people continued to eat mainly foods that were heavy in starches
or carbohydrates, and not everyone could afford meat. Never-
theless, many families could take advantage of previously
unavailable fruits, vegetables, and dairy products to achieve
more varied fare. 共7页:  [1] [2] 3 [4] [5] [6] [7] 
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