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1997年1月托福阅读全真试题(4) |
| 来源:www.stu88.com 时间:2006-04-27 |
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On the rare occasion when a fine piece of sculpture was
desired, Americans turned to foreign sculptors, as in the 1770’s
when the cities of New York and Charleston, South Carolina,
commissioned the Englishman Joseph Wilton to make marble
statues of William Pitt. Wilton also made a lead equestrian
image of King George III that was created in New York in
1770 and torn down by zealous patriots six years later. A few
marble memorials with carved busts, urns, or other decorations
were produced in England and brought to the colonies to
be set in the walls of churches-as in King’s Chapel in
Boston. But sculpture as a high art, practiced by artists who
knew both the artistic theory of their Renaissance-Baroque-
Rococo predecessors and the various technical procedures of modeling,
casting, and carving rich three-dimensional forms, was
not known among Americans in 1776. Indeed, for many years
thereafter, the United States had two groups from which to
choose - either the local craftspeople or the imported talent of
European sculptors.
The eighteenth century was not one in which powerful
sculptural conceptions were developed. Add to this the timidity
with which unschooled artisans - originally trained as stonemasons,
carpenters, or cabinetmakers - attacked the medium
from which they were to make their images, and one understands
more fully the development of sculpture made in the
United States in the late eighteenth century.
20. What is the main idea of the passage?
(A) There was great demand for the work of eighteenth-century artisans.
(B) Skilled sculptors did not exist in the United States in the 1770’s.
(C) Many foreign sculptors worked in the United States after 1776.
(D) American sculptors were hampered by a lack of tools and materials.
21. The word "motifs" in line 3 is closest in meaning to
(A) tools
(B) prints
(C) signatures
(D) designs
22. The work of which of the following could be seen in burial grounds?
(A) European sculptors
(B) Carpenters
(C) Stone carves
(D) Cabinetmakers
23. The word "other" in line 6 refers to
(A) craftspeople
(B) decorations
(C) ornamentations
(D) shop signs
24. The word "distinct" in line 9 is closest in meaning to
(A) separate
(B) assembled
(C) notable
(D) inferior
25. The word "rare" in line 11 is closest in meaning to
(A) festive
(B) infrequent
(C) delightful
(D) unexpected
26. Why does the author mention Joseph Wilton in line 13?
(A) He was an English sculptor who did work in the United States.
(B) He was well known for his wood carvings
(C) He produced sculpture for churches.
(D) He settled in the United States in 1776.
27. What can be inferred about the importation of marble memorials from England?
(A) Such sculpture was less expensive to produce locally than to import
(B) Such sculpture was not available in the United States.
(C) Such sculpture was as prestigious as those made locally.
(D) The materials found abroad were superior. 共7页:  [1] [2] [3] 4 [5] [6] [7] 
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