2000 考研试题 Passage 1
Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition.
2005考研试题 Passage 1
Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.
2000考研试题 Passage 4
In addition, far more Japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed.
b)三个真正学会三个真正：学会倾听作者真正的声音，体会作者真正的感情，理解作者真正的思路
例1 He was drawing excessively fine distinctions. (选自95年passage 1)
例2 Too many schools adopt the “win at all costs” moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. (选自95年passage 4)
学会三个真正：学会倾听作者真正的声音，体会作者真正的感情，理解作者真正的思路
例3 Everywhere you go in America, you hear tales of corporate revival. (选自98年passage 2)
例4 Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organization of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. (选自96年passage 3)(2)句法
例1. I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”, and making the alternative move into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.
Question: “juggling your life” probably means living a life characterized by:
A non-materialisticB a bit of everythingC extreme stressD anti-consumerism(选自01年passage 5)
例2. When I decided to quit my full time employment it never occurred to me that I might become a part of a part of a new international trend. A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming “ I wanted to spend more time with my family”
Question: which of the following is true according to paragraph 1:
A Full-time employment is a new international trend.
B The writer was compelled by circumstances to leave her job.
C “A lateral move” means stepping out of full-time employment.
D The writer was only too eager to spend more time with her family.(选自01年passage 5)
例3.Tight-lipped elders used to say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.” Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.
Question: what do the elders mean when they say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.” ?
A You’ll certainly get what you want.
B.It’s no use dreaming.
C.You should be dissatisfied with what you have.
D It’s essential to set a goal for yourself.(选自96年passage 1)
2.逻辑思路逻辑之考研阅读的10种说法
a)说大家不习惯的，说大家不敢说的
例1 1997 Passage 3
Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug. Many people mistakenly believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts. They don't realize that familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco are also drugs. This is why the more neutral term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists. The phrase "substance abuse" is often used instead of "drug abuse" to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine.
Question: "Substances abuse" (line 4, paragraph 1) is preferable to "drug abuse" in that ________.
[A] substances can alter our bodily or mental functioning if illegally used
[B] "drug abuse" is only related to a limited number of drugtakers
[C] alcohol and tobacco are as fatal as heroin and cocaine
[D] many substances other than heroin or cocaine can also be poisonous
例2 2005 Passage 4 Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, why we should, like care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive-there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas .He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.
Question: To which of the following statements would Mc Whorter most likely agree?
[A]. Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.
[B]. Black English can be more expressive than standard English.
[C]. Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.
[D]. Of all the varieties, standard English Can best convey complex ideas.
b)从“是”中说“非”
例1 1995 Passage 4
Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements.
例2 1996 Passage 5
And so it does — and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.
Question: From the passage we can infer that ________.
[A] reasoning has played a decisive role in the debate
[B] creationists do not base their argument on reasoning
[C] evolutionary theory is too difficult for non-specialists
[D] creationism is supported by scientific findings
c)从“非”中说“是”
例1 2000 Passage 1
Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle.
Question: The author seems to believe the revival of the US economy in the 1990s can be attributed to the________.
[A] turning of the business cycle
[B] restructuring of industry
[C] improved business management
[D] success in education
d) 从“无”中说“有”
例1 2000 Passage 1
All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans stopped taking prosperity for granted. They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. The mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes of America's industrial decline. Their sometimes sensational findings were filled with warnings about the growing competition from overseas.
Question: What can be inferred from the passage?
[A] It is human nature to shift between self-doubt and blind pride.
[B] Intense competition may contribute to economic progress.
[C] The revival of the economy depends on international cooperation.
[D] A long history of success may pave the way for further development.
e)从“有”中说“无”
例1 1998 Passage 2
There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a "disjunction" between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.
Question: The official statistics on productivity growth ________.
[A] exclude the usual rebound in a business cycle
[B] fall short of businessmen's anticipation
[C] meet the expectation of business people
[D] fail to reflect the true state of economy
f)从“下文”中说“上文”
例1 1998 Passage 3
Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber, whose manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pretechnological utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are anti-science, as an essay in US News & World Report last May seemed to suggest.
The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.
Question: Which of the following is true according to the passage?
[A] Environmentalists were blamed for anti-science in an essay.
[B] Politicians are not subject to the labeling of anti-science.
[C] The "more enlightened" tend to tag others as anti-science.
[D] Tagging environmentalists as "anti-science" is justifiable
g) 从“上文”中说“下文”
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